DromaeosauridaeArchaeopteryxJeholornisChongmingiaSapeornisConfuciusornis_sanctusChangchengornis_hengdaoziensisEoconfuciusornis_zhengiConfuciusornis_duiBoluochiaConcornisElsornisEoalulavisCathayornisEocathayornisEoenantiornisGobipteryxLongipteryxLongirostravisNeuquenornisPengornisEopengornisProtopteryxRapaxavisShanweiniaoVescornisQilianiaDunhuangiaPiscivorenantiornisLinyiornisSulcavisBohaiornisLongusunguisShenqiornisZhouornisParabohaiornisFortunguavisPterygornisCruralispenniaMonoenantiornisArchaeorhynchusSchizoouraBellulornisVoronaJianchangornisSonglingornisLongicrusavisApsaravisHongshanornisArchaeornithuraParahongshanornisTianyuornisYanornisPatagopteryxYixianornisPiscivoravisIteravisGansusIchthyornisHesperornisParahesperornsiEnaliornisBaptornis_advenusBaptornis_varneriVegavisAnasGallusV18929OsteologyMaximum ParsimonyBased on reanalysis of the original matrix.Wang_etal_2019b