DromaeosauridaeArchaeopteryxJeholornisRahonavisShenzhouraptorJixiangornisZhongornisSapeornisDidactylornisConfuciusornis_sanctusChangchengornisEoconfuciusornisJinzhouornis_zhangjiyingiaConfuciusornis_duiChaoyangiaZhongjianornisBoluochiaShenqiornisCathyaornisConcornisElsornisEoalulavisEocathayornisEoenantiornisGobipteryxIberomesornisLongipteryxLongirostravisNeuquenornisOtogornisPengornis_houiProtopteryxRapaxavisShanweiniaoVescornisVoronaSchizoouraJianchangornisArchaeorhynchusLiaoningornisSonglingornisAmbiortusLongicrusavisApsaravisHongshanornisYanornisPatagopteryxHollandaYixianornisGansusIchthyornisHesperornisParahesperornisEnaliornisBaptornis_advenusBaptornis_varneriLimenavisVegavisAnasGallusIVPP_V_18632OsteologyMaximum ParsimonyBased on reanalysis of the original matrix.Hu_etal_2014a