DromaeosauridaeArchaeopteryx_lithographicaAnas_platyrhynchosChauna_torquataGallus_gallusPauxi_pauxiCrypturellus_undulatusLithornisIaceornis_marshiiIchthyornis_disparHesperornis_regalisBaptornis_advenusSonglingornis_linghensisApsaravis_ukhaanaPatagopteryx_deferrariisiChangzuiornis_ahgmiGansus_yumenenisGansus_zheniIteravis_huchzermeyeriYanornis_martiniYixianornis_grabauiHongshanornis_longicrestaJianchangornis_microdontaLongicrusavis_houiVorona_berivotrensisCathayornis_yandicaConcornis_lacustrisNeuquenornis_volansGobipteryx_minutaLongirostravis_haniLongipteryx_chaoyanensisProtopteryx_fengningensisEoenantiornis_buhleriBohaiornis_guoiPengornis_houiShenqiornis_mengiSapeornis_chaoyangensisArchaeorhynchus_spathulaJeholornis_primaConfuciusornis_sanctusOsteologyMaximum ParsimonyBased on reanalysis of the original matrix.Field_etal_2018ad