(Dromaeosauridae,(Archaeopteryx,(Jeholornis,(((Chongmingia,Jinguofortis),(Sapeornis,((Pengornis,Eopengornis,Protopteryx,(Monoenantiornis,(Elsornis,Eoalulavis,Cathayornis,Eocathayornis,Eoenantiornis,Gobipteryx,Neuquenornis,Vescornis,Dunhuangia,Piscivorenantiornis,Linyiornis,Sulcavis,Longusunguis,Shenqiornis,Zhouornis,Fortunguavis,Pterygornis,Cruralispennia,Shangyang,IVPP_V18692,((Boluochia,Longipteryx),(Shanweiniao,(Longirostravis,Rapaxavis))),(Concornis,Qiliania),(Bohaiornis,Parabohaiornis)))),(Archaeorhynchus,(Jianchangornis,(((Schizooura,Mengciusornis_dentatus),(Bellulornis,(Vorona,Apsaravis,Patagopteryx))),((Songlingornis,(Yanornis,(Piscivoravis,(Yixianornis,(Iteravis,(Gansus,(Ichthyornis,((Enaliornis,(Baptornis_advenus,(Baptornis_varneri,(Hesperornis,Parahesperornsi)))),(Vegavis,(Anas,Gallus)))))))))),(Hongshanornis,(Parahongshanornis,(Longicrusavis,(Archaeornithura,Tianyuornis))))))))))),(Eoconfuciusornis_zhengi,(Confuciusornis_sanctus,Changchengornis_hengdaoziensis,Confuciusornis_dui,Yangavis_confucii))))));