DromaeosauridaeArchaeopteryxJeholornisSapeornisConfuciusornisProtopteryxArchaeorynchusVoronaPatagopteryxHongshanornisApsaravisIchthyornisIaceornis_Anas_platyrhynchosChaunatorquataGallus_gallusCrax_pauxiCrypturellus_undulatusLithornisHesperornisBaptornisYanornisSonglingornisYixianornisPengornisNeuquenornisXiangornisGobipteryxCathayornisConcornisOsteologyMaximum ParsimonyBased on reanalysis of the original matrix.Hu_etal_2012a