(Dromaeosauridae,(Archaeopteryx,(Jeholornis,Shenzhouraptor,Jixiangornis,(Rahonavis,Shenqiornis),(((Zhongornis,(Eoconfuciusornis,(Confuciusornis_sanctus,Changchengornis,Jinzhouornis_zhangjiyingia,Confuciusornis_dui))),(Chaoyangia,Zhongjianornis,Cathyaornis,Concornis,Elsornis,Eocathayornis,Eoenantiornis,Gobipteryx,Iberomesornis,Longirostravis,Neuquenornis,Otogornis,Pengornis,Protopteryx,Rapaxavis,Shanweiniao,Vescornis,Vorona,Eoornithura,Jianchangornis,Archaeorhynchus,Songlingornis,Ambiortus,Longicrusavis,Apsaravis,Hongshanornis,Yanornis,Patagopteryx,Hollanda,Yixianornis,Gansus,Ichthyornis,Enaliornis,Baptornis_advenus,Baptornis_varneri,Limenavis,Vegavis,Anas,Gallus,Yumenornis_huangi,Changmaornis_houi,Jiuquanornis_niui,(Boluochia,Longipteryx),(Eoalulavis,Liaoningornis),(Hesperornis,Parahesperornis))),(Sapeornis,Didactylornis)))));