(Dromaeosauridae,(Archaeopteryx_lithographica,(Jeholornis,(Sapeornis,(Confuciusornis_sanctus,((Archaeorynchus,(Vorona_berivotrensis,((Patagopteryx_deferrariisi,(Apsaravis_ukhaana,((Ichthyornis,(Iaceornis_marshii,(((Anas_platyrhynchos,Chauna_torquata),(Gallus_gallus,Crax_pauxi)),(Crypturellus_undulatus,Lithornis)))),(Hesperornis_regalis,Baptornis_adventus)))),(Hongshanornis,(Yanornis_martini,(Songlingornis_linghensis,Yixianornis_grabaui)))))),(Protopteryx,(Pengornis,(Neuquenornis_volans,(Gobipteryx_minuta,(Cathayornis_yandica,Concornis_lacustris)))))))))));