(Dromaeosauridae,(Archaeopteryx,(Jeholornis,((Sapeornis,((((Fortunguavis,(((Boluochia,Longipteryx),(Shanweiniao,(Longirostravis,Rapaxavis))),(Eocathayornis,(Cathayornis,(Vescornis,(Eoalulavis,((Concornis,Qiliania),(Gobipteryx,Neuquenornis)))))))),(Eoenantiornis,(IVPP21711,(Zhouornis,((Longusunguis,(Shenqiornis,Sulcavis)),(Bohaiornis,Parabohaiornis)))))),(Protopteryx,(Pengornis,Eopengornis))),(Archaeorhynchus,((Vorona,Patagopteryx),(Schizooura,((Jianchangornis,((Songlingornis,(Yixianornis,(Yanornis,Piscivoravis))),(Gansus,(Apsaravis,((Ichthyornis,(Vegavis,(Anas,Gallus))),(Enaliornis,(Baptornis_advenus,(Baptornis_varneri,(Hesperornis,Parahesperornis))))))))),(Hongshanornis,(Parahongshanornis,(Longicrusavis,(Archaeornithura,Tianyuornis)))))))))),(Eoconfuciusornis,((Confuciusornis_sanctus,Changchengornis),(Jingzhouornis,Confuciusornis_dui)))))));