(Dromaeosauridae,(Archaeopteryx,(Rahonavis,(Jeholornis,((Sapeornis,((Pengornis,(Protopteryx,((((Boluochia,Longipteryx),(Iberomesornis,(Shanweiniao,(Longirostravis,Rapaxavis)))),(((Vescornis,((Concornis,Qiliania),(Gobipteryx,Neuquenornis))),(Eoalulavis,Cathayornis)),(Eoenantiornis,((Fortunguavis,Linyiornis),((Shenqiornis,Sulcavis),(Longusunguis,(Zhouornis,(Bohaiornis,Parabohaiornis)))))))),(Elsornis,Eocathayornis)))),(Archaeorhynchus,(Jianchangornis,((Schizooura,(Vorona,Patagopteryx)),(((Yanornis,(Songlingornis,Yixianornis)),(Hongshanornis,Longicrusavis)),(Gansus,(Apsaravis,((Ichthyornis,(Vegavis,(Anas,Gallus))),(Enaliornis,(Baptornis_advenus,(Baptornis_varneri,(Hesperornis,Parahesperornis))))))))))))),(Eoconfuciusornis,((Confuciusornis_sanctus,Changchengornis),(Jinzhouornis,Confuciusornis_dui))))))));